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Compliance library

Indian compliance, in plain English

The obligations Indian SMEs and startups commonly track — with each one's frequency, the law behind it, and an indicative penalty for missing it. Applicability depends on your entity type, turnover, headcount, sector and state — educational, not legal advice.

Data & Privacy

DPDP Act 2023 readinessAnnual

Lawful consent, a clear privacy notice, a grievance officer, and a process for data-principal rights (access,

DPDP penalties run into crores for serious breaches — build readiness ea

Published privacy policyAs needed

A website/app privacy policy that accurately reflects what personal data you collect, why, and how it is handl

Tax

GST registrationOne-time

Register for GST once turnover crosses the threshold, or earlier for inter-state supply / e-commerce.

GST returns (GSTR-1 & 3B)Monthly

File outward-supply (GSTR-1) and summary (GSTR-3B) returns on the monthly/quarterly schedule for your scheme.

Late fee ₹50/day (₹20/day nil) + 18% p.a. interest on tax due.

GST annual return (GSTR-9)Annual

Annual consolidated GST return (and reconciliation where applicable).

Late fee ₹200/day (capped); higher for larger turnover.

TDS deduction & returnsQuarterly

Deduct tax at source where required, deposit it, file quarterly TDS returns, and issue Form 16/16A.

₹200/day late-filing fee (s.234E) + interest; possible s.271H penalty.

Income tax returnAnnual

File the business/individual income-tax return and pay advance tax instalments through the year.

Late fee ₹1,000–₹5,000 (s.234F) + interest; prosecution risk on large de

Corporate (ROC)

ROC annual filings (AOC-4 & MGT-7)Annual

Private companies/LLPs file annual financial statements and annual return with the Registrar of Companies.

Late fee can run ₹100/day per form (no statutory cap), with director-dis

Board meetings, minutes & registersQuarterly

Hold the minimum number of board meetings, record minutes, and maintain statutory registers.

Director KYC (DIR-3 KYC)Annual

Each director with a DIN completes the annual KYC filing.

₹5,000 reactivation fee; DIN deactivated until filed.

Labour & Employment

Shops & Establishments registrationOne-time

Register the establishment under your state's Shops & Establishments Act (renewals vary by state).

EPF (Provident Fund)Monthly

Register and file monthly ECR contributions once you cross the employee threshold (generally 20+).

Delayed EPF deposits can attract damages up to 25% p.a. plus interest.

ESI contributionsMonthly

Register and remit ESI contributions where applicable (generally 10+ employees, state-dependent).

Delayed ESI contributions can attract interest (12% p.a.) plus damages.

Professional taxMonthly

Register for and pay state professional tax for the business and employees, where the state levies it.

State penalties + interest for late deduction/deposit.

Employment contracts / appointment lettersAs needed

Issue written terms of employment to every employee — covered roles, pay, leave, notice and confidentiality.

Workplace

POSH complianceAnnual

Constitute an Internal Committee, publish a policy, run awareness, and file the annual report (10+ employees).

Up to ₹50,000 fine for not constituting an Internal Committee; repeat la

Licenses & IP

Trade license & sector permitsVaries

Local municipal trade license plus any sector-specific permits (e.g. FSSAI for food, drug license, etc.).

Trademark registrationOne-time

Register your brand name/logo to protect it and enable enforcement against infringers.

SEBI & Securities

SEBI LODR disclosuresAs needed

Listed entities disclose material events on time and make the periodic filings required under the Listing Obli

Per-day fines and trading/freeze actions for disclosure lapses.

Insider-trading code & UPSI controlsAnnual

Maintain a code of conduct, a structured digital database and trading-window controls for unpublished price-se

Insider-trading violations can attract penalties up to ₹25 crore or 3× t

FEMA & Foreign Exchange

FDI reporting (FC-GPR / FLA)As needed

Report foreign investment via Form FC-GPR within 30 days of allotment, and file the annual FLA return for fore

Late FC-GPR / FLA attracts a Late Submission Fee; contraventions can be

Overseas investment / ECB reportingAs needed

Report overseas direct investment and external commercial borrowings to the RBI through your AD bank.

Compounding penalties for unreported overseas investment / ECB.